Which type of implementation is described as relying on a critical master file shared between users?

A centralized implementation is characterized by its reliance on a critical master file that is shared among multiple users. In this model, all users access the same single source of data, ensuring consistency and integrity across the system. Because the data is pooled and stored within a central repository, changes made in the master file are immediately available to all users, which facilitates real-time access and uniformity in data reporting and analysis. This structure supports collaborative work and makes data management significantly easier since any updates or corrections in the master file automatically reflect across the entire system.

In contrast, other implementations, such as data marts, federated, or independent data marts, do not depend on a singular master file shared among users, which leads to potential discrepancies and challenges in data integrity. Data marts are smaller, focused databases catering to specific business needs. Federated implementations offer different data sources without requiring a single master file, while independent data marts operate separately, resulting in varied data management practices and potential duplication of effort.

Understanding the importance of a critical master file in a centralized implementation highlights its strengths in maintaining data consistency and accessibility for all users in an organization.